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The purpose of this paper is to deliberate the system reliability of a system in combination of three subsystems in a series configuration in which all three subsystems function under a k-out-of-n: G operational scheme. Based on computed results, it has been demonstrated that copula repair is better than general repair for system better performance. The supplementary variable approach with implications of copula distribution has been employed for assessing the system performance.

Probabilistic assessment of complex system consisting three subsystems, multi-failure threats and copula repair approach is used in this study. Abbas Jubrin Bin, V.V. Singh, D.K. Rawal, in this research paper, have analyzed a system consisting of three subsystems in a series configuration in which all three subsystems function under a k-out-of-n: G operational scheme. The supplementary variable approach with implications of copula distribution has been employed for assessing the system performance. Based on computed results, it has been demonstrated that copula repair is better than general repair for system better performance.

In this analysis, four different cases of availability are analysed for Gumbel–Hougaard family copula and also four cases for general repair with similar failure rates are studied. The authors found that when failure rates increase, the system availability decreases, and when the system follows copula repair distribution, the system availability is better than general repair.

This research may be implemented in various industrial systems where the subsystems are configured under k-out-of-n: G working policy. It is also advisable that copula repair is highly recommended for best performances from the system. On the basis of mean time to system failure (MTSF) computations, the failure rate which affects system failure more needs to be controlled by monitoring, servicing and replacing stratagem.

This research work has great implications in various industrial systems like power plant systems, nuclear power plant, electricity distributions system, etc. where the k-out-of-n-type of system operation scheme is validated for system operations with the multi-repair.

This work is a new work by authors. In the previously available technical analysis of the system, the researchers have analyzed the repairable system either supplementary variable approach, supplementary variable and system which have two subsystems in a series configuration. This research work analyzed a system with three subsystems with a multi-repair approach and supplementary variables.

The purpose of this paper is to present an analytical study on an unsteady magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) boundary layer flow of a rotating viscoelastic fluid over an infinite vertical porous plate embedded in a uniform porous medium with oscillating free-stream taking Hall and ion-slip currents into account. The unsteady MHD flow in the rotating fluid system is generated due to the buoyancy forces arising from temperature and concentration differences in the field of gravity and oscillatory movement of the free-stream.

The resulting partial differential equations governing the fluid motion are solved analytically using the regular perturbation method by assuming a very small viscoelastic parameter. In order to note the influences of various system parameters and to discuss the important flow features, the numerical results for fluid velocity, temperature and species concentration are computed and depicted graphically vs boundary layer parameter whereas skin friction, Nusselt number and Sherwood number at the plate are computed and presented in tabular form.

An interesting observation is recorded that there occurs a reversal flow in the secondary flow direction due to the movement of the free stream. It is also noted that a decrease in the suction parameter gives a rise in momentum, thermal and concentration boundary layer thicknesses.

Very little research work is reported in the literature on non-Newtonian fluid dynamics where unsteady flow in the system arises due to time-dependent movement of the plate. The motive of the present analytical study is to analyse the influences of Hall and ion-slip currents on unsteady MHD natural convection flow of a rotating viscoelastic fluid (non-Newtonian fluid) over an infinite vertical porous plate embedded in a uniform porous medium with oscillating free-stream.

Purpose: The study aims to explore the wider acceptance of blockchain technology and growing faith in this technology among all business domains to mitigate the chances of fraud in various sectors.

Design/Methodology/Approach: The authors focus on studies conducted during 2015–2022 using keywords such as blockchain, fraud detection and financial domain for Systematic Literature Review (SLR). The SLR approach entails two databases, namely, Scopus and IEEE Xplore, to seek relevant articles covering the effectiveness of blockchain technology in controlling financial fraud.

Findings: The findings of the research explored different types of business domains using blockchains in detecting fraud. They examined their effectiveness in other sectors such as insurance, banks, online transactions, real estate, credit card usage, etc.

Practical Implications: The results of this research highlight (1) the real-life applications of blockchain technology to secure the gateway for online transactions; (2) people from diverse backgrounds with different business objectives can strongly rely on blockchains to prevent fraud.

Originality/Value: The SLR conducted in this study assists in the identification of future avenues with practical implications, making researchers aware of the work so far carried out for checking the effectiveness of blockchain; however, it does not ignore the possibility of zero to less effectiveness in some businesses which is yet to be explored.

Pharmaceutical industry is one of the sunrise industries in the Indian manufacturing sector. It has flourished in the recent past. This chapter makes a comparative analysis of the productivity growth of Indian pharmaceutical industry using production function approach and adopting two distinct measures of labour input and also explains whether the growth and productivity is eco-friendly or not. Annual Survey of Industries (ASI) data is considered as data base and the time period 1980–1981 to 2016–2017 is considered which is sub-divided into four periods (1980–1981 to 1989–1990; 1990–1991 to 1999–2000; 2000–2001 to 2009–2010; and rest of the period). The pattern of result for both the measures are more or less in the same direction. A remarkable growth in total factor productivity (TFP) is observed after the initiation of new economic policy for both the method used. So far as the environmental issues are concerned, this industry seems to have been polluting the environment, as per unit use of energy is increasing over time.

The increasing accumulation of synthetic plastic waste in oceans and landfills, along with the depletion of non-renewable fossil-based resources, has sparked environmental concerns and prompted the search for environmentally friendly alternatives. Biodegradable plastics derived from lignocellulosic materials are emerging as substitutes for synthetic plastics, offering significant potential to reduce landfill stress and minimise environmental impacts. This study highlights a sustainable and cost-effective solution by utilising agricultural residues and invasive plant materials as carbon substrates for the production of biopolymers, particularly polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), through microbiological processes. Locally sourced residual materials were preferred to reduce transportation costs and ensure accessibility. The selection of suitable residue streams was based on various criteria, including strength properties, cellulose content, low ash and lignin content, affordability, non-toxicity, biocompatibility, shelf-life, mechanical and physical properties, short maturation period, antibacterial properties and compatibility with global food security. Life cycle assessments confirm that PHB dramatically lowers CO₂ emissions compared to traditional plastics, while the growing use of lignocellulosic biomass in biopolymeric applications offers renewable and readily available resources. Governments worldwide are increasingly inclined to develop comprehensive bioeconomy policies and specialised bioplastics initiatives, driven by customer acceptability and the rising demand for environmentally friendly solutions. The implications of climate change, price volatility in fossil materials, and the imperative to reduce dependence on fossil resources further contribute to the desirability of biopolymers. The study involves fermentation, turbidity measurements, extraction and purification of PHB, and the manufacturing and testing of composite biopolymers using various physical, mechanical and chemical tests.

Corrosion data of the widely used silver brazing alloys (BAg‐1 and BAg‐3) of the American Welding Society’s (AWS) specification are scant in literature. Deals with the study of the corrosion behaviour of these alloys in different environments with particular emphasis on the industrial and marine atmospheres.

The purpose of this paper is to conduct a numerical analysis of transient turbulent natural convection combined with surface thermal radiation in a square cavity with a local heater.

The domain of interest includes the air-filled cavity with cold vertical walls, adiabatic horizontal walls and isothermal heater located on the bottom cavity wall. It is assumed in the analysis that the thermophysical properties of the fluid are independent of temperature and the flow is turbulent. Surface thermal radiation is considered for more accurate analysis of the complex heat transfer inside the cavity. The governing equations have been discretized using the finite difference method with the non-uniform grid on the basis of the special algebraic transformation. Turbulence was modeled using the k–ε model. Simulations have been carried out for different values of the Rayleigh number, surface emissivity and location of the heater.

It has been found that the presence of surface radiation leads to both an increase in the average total Nusselt number and intensive cooling of such type of system. A significant intensification of convective flow was also observed owing to an increase in the Rayleigh number. It should be noted that a displacement of the heater from central part of the bottom wall leads to significant modification of the thermal plume and flow pattern inside the cavity.

An efficient numerical technique has been developed to solve this problem. The originality of this work is to analyze unsteady turbulent natural convection combined with surface thermal radiation in a square air-filled cavity in the presence of a local isothermal heater. The results would benefit scientists and engineers to become familiar with the analysis of turbulent convective–radiative heat transfer in enclosures with local heaters, and the way to predict the heat transfer rate in advanced technical systems, in industrial sectors including transportation, power generation, chemical sectors and electronics.

Entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and entrepreneurial intentions (EI) both are prominent factors in the entrepreneurship domain to predict entrepreneurial behavior. Despite the fact, association between the EO sub-aspects and EI, as well as the indirect influence of the personality characteristic (Openness), has not been extensively investigated. The focus of this research study is to examine the association between sub-dimensions of EO, proactiveness, risk-taking, and innovativeness, and EI incorporating personality trait openness to experience (OTE) as mediating variable. Data is gathered from 164 professional course students. For the data analysis purpose, mediation analysis, multiple regression and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) have been performed. Findings imply that all the sub-aspects of EO are significantly correlated with EI and personality trait OTE acted as mediating construct in link amidst EO and EI. Practical and theoretical contribution have been discussed in this study.

This article reviews the quantitative marketing literature on artificial intelligence (AI) through an economics lens. We apply the framework in Prediction Machines: The Simple Economics of Artificial Intelligence to systematically categorize 96 research papers on AI in marketing academia into five levels of impact, which are prediction, decision, tool, strategy, and society. For each paper, we further identify each individual component of a task, the research question, the AI model used, and the broad decision type. Overall, we find there are fewer marketing papers focusing on strategy and society, and accordingly, we discuss future research opportunities in those areas.